Skiving machine



May 3o, 1944. R H WON i '2,349,850

SKIVING MACHINE Filed Nov. 25, 19.41 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 30,' 1944. p,H. DlxoN 2,349,850

l SKIVING MACHINE Filed Nov. 25, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 30, 1944. P,H, DIXON l 2,349,850

sKIvING MACHINE AFiled Nov.V 25, 1941 3 Shets-Sheet 3 j 'Figa Figll.

Figcl.

lFiggfl l W.

Patented May 30, 1944 f UNITED j STATES PATENT OFFICE l' 2,349,850sKlvING MAonINE Paul H. Dixon, Wenham, Masts., assignor to United ShoeMachinery Corporation, Flemington, N. J., a corporation of New JerseyApplication November 25, l Serial No. 420,399 '9 claims. (ci. '6a-i716)This invention relates to skiving machines and is -herein illustratedand described as embodied in a skiving machine of the type disclosed inUnited States Letters Patent No.V 2,041,701, granted May 26, 1936, uponthe application of Milton H. Roske, and also in United States LettersPatent No. 2,134,809, granted November' `1, 1938, upon the applicationof Charles C. Bell.y The illustrated skiving machine, like thosedisclosed inthe abovementioned patents, is provided with a driven feedroll, a feed disk having its axis at right angles tothe-axisof the rolland arranged to press a work-piece against the rol1,` and a'rotary diskskiving knife.

' `It is an object of the present invention to provide an improvedskiving machine of the type above referred to. In accordance with afeature of the invention,` the feed disk is arranged t yield in alplanenormal to its axis. Regardless, therefore, of the thickness of awork-piece, the feed'disk is not displaced axially and hence cannot jamagainst the rotary knife. 4This renders `frequent axial adjustmentof therposition of the feed disk unnecessary, even if work-pieces of differentthicknesses areto be operated upon. Furthermore, it -permits arelativelyA close adjustment between the feed disk and the knife withoutdanger-of jamming las a result of local inequalities ofthickness' ofawork-piece. These and other features ofthe invention will be.' describedas embodied in an illustrative machine and pointed out in the appendedclaims.

l Referring now'to the accompanying drawings, ff'Fig. `1 is -a front'elevation ofthe illustrative machine; f 1 Zrligl 2 is A afrontelevation of the work feeding vand'gagingmechanism of the machine;

"Figi 3 is a rear elevation ofthe mechanismfor adjusting'.` the edgegage;" l

iffFigfLlis a--perspective view of the feed disk and its support;` 'Fig'5is`a plan View in section abovev thefelem'ent |08; n ""ijgf'i's anelevation of themembers shown in Fig: 5; f

' ',Eig. '7 4is an enlarged view, in front elevation, showing thefeedingand gaging members in `properfrelation to a workpiece for cuttingan abrupt scarf; n and lEig 8 isa detail in elevation showing .thepositions .of the work-engaging parts forl cutting a shoulderpor Tfoldscarf; i i MFig. 9 is asection of a workpiece showing the shoulder orfold vscarfwhichis produced when the lwork engaging parts are in thepositions shown lin Fig. 8;

Fig. 10is a detail in elevation showing the positions of thework-engaging parts for cutting a narrow seam scarf;

' Fig-.111 Ais a section of a work piece showing the narrow seam scarfwhich is produced when the work-engaging' parts are in the positionsshown in Fig. 107;

1 Fig. 12 is a detail in elevation showing the positions of thework-engaging parts for cutting a featherY edge scarf;

13 is a section of a work piece showing the vfeather edge scarf which isproduced when the' 'work-engaging parts are in the positionsshownvinrFig: 12;

Fig. 14' is a'detail in elevation showing the positions of theYwork-engaging parts for cutting anabrupt scarf to prepare the edge forsearing or:l'i`eatY turning; and Y Fig. 1 5 is asection of a Work pieceshowing the abrupt scarf which is produced when the workengaging partsare in the positions shown in Fig;V 14.

= The illustrated machine is similar in many respect's' to the-machinedisclosed in Letters Patent No1.1.2,^1 34,809 abovementioned. Thepresent machine'like that of said patent comprises a rotary disk knifeI0, arotary feed roll l2, and a rotary feed dis'kM; AThe knife ismanually adjustable i'n .thel direction of its axis toward and from thefeed roll, the axis of the knife being inclined slightly from thevertical. The feed disk of the illustrated machine, while rotating idly,cooperateswith the feed roll by pressing the work against it.` The feedroll shaft is rotatable in a -blockl which is adjustable on a support I8inia-*di'rectionlwhich lis axial of the feed roll, said support beingangularly adjustable in an arcuate guideway V20 the center of curvatureof which lies in a horizontal axis. Axial adjustment :of the-feed rollenables the feed roll to be shifted to the'right or left relativelytothe center ofthe arcuate guideway 20. The axis about whichfthe supportI8 is angularly yadjustable passes .atl right angles through an elementin the `upper surface of the feed wheel for any normalposition'foflaxial'adjustment of the feed wheel; JIhe supportl licarriesa superstructure by which the feed disk is carried sothatangulariadjustment ofthe feed roll support adjusts thffeed disk. Thecurved guideway 20, in which thel'ffeed roll' support is adjusted, islocated at tlieoute'r end of a head 22, said head beingangularly-'adjustable ink a lhorizon-tal pathabout the axis of avertical stud 24 to adjust the feed roll toward and from the knife,andthe feed roll shaft gage the pivotally mounted block to limit rock-*"5 ing movement of the arm 34, and, hence',r the extent of angularadjustment of the feed roll support. The arm is connected by a link anda pivot with the upper end of a treadlerbd'42V in such manner thatVertical movement of the treadle rod swings the arm to the right Vorleft. The lower end of the rod is connected to a treadle 44 normallyheld in raised position byaspring 46, to hold the feed roll in its upposition (in which the uppermost element Aof itsy periphery form-sf a'small ang-le with the plane of theknife orgis; substantially parallelthereto). *y The elements so far described which are substan-tially likecorresponding elements of the machineV disclosed in Letters Patent No.2,134,809 are as follows: the knife |0 with its provisions for mounting,driving and adjusting; the provisions for mounting and driving-,the feedroll I2; the a-rrangement for axially adjusting the feed roll block |6in its support I8; andthe arrangements for tilting thel feed mechanism,in-` cluding; the arcuate guideway 20 and the mechanismv operated by thetreadle 44. A more complete disclosure of some of these elements. may befound in United States Letters Patent No. 1,866,918, granted July 12,1932 upon the ap plication of Milton H. Ballard.

An edge guide 48 is carried indirectly by the block l0 whichrcarri'esalso a yieldingly mounted presser. 50. The presser and edge guide aremounted' for quick adjustment in a path transverse to the line of feedof the work by manipulation of a treadle V52. The presser and edgeguide` may be substantially like the presser and guide disclosed in U.S. Letters Patent No. 1,180,- 222,- granted April 18 1916, uponan'application fliedl inthe name of Alexander M. Alexander.

The presser yields upwardly from a stop position Y adjustablyVdetermined by a screw 53I (Figs.f2 and'3). Thev mountingof the presserand edge guide including the mechanism which causes them- `to beadjusted horizontally when either or bothof the treadles 44, 52 aremanipulated is somewhat like that of the machine disclosed in LettersPatent No. 2,134,809, already mentioned. Although the details of thesomewhat different construction disclosed herein form no part of the,present invention, they will be briefly described.

The edge guideli is integral with a slide 54 (Figs. 2 and'3) which alsocarries, the presser.k 50. The slide 54 is slidably mounted ina block 56which is securedl by an adjustable connection 58 (more fully describedin Letters Patent No. 1,866,- 918abovementi'oned) to a bracket 60 (Fig.1)y secured upon an extension of `theblock I6. The edge guide carrierslide 54is, normal1y main-,- tained iny a desiredposition of Aadjustmentby a `coiled compression springv 62 interposed. between theslide 54 anda lug 64 on the block 55,. AThe spring 62-tends to urge: the edge guidecarrier slide 54 outwardly or toward the left, as Viewed arm et (Fig. 3)having a rounded end portion which engages a groove 58 in the carrierslide. The arm 06 is secured upon a shaft 'l0 which is freely rotatablein a bearing formed in the block 5S. Extending from the shaft 'F0 is asecond crank arm 12 upon which is pivotally mounted the upper end of adepending rod 14. For guiding the rod 14 there is provided a bearingblock "a8 which is pivotally mounted upon the block 58 and which thusacts as a swivel bearing. The lower end of the rod '|4 engages anabutment 'f8 (Fig. l) carried by the upper end of a slide 80, and may beraised or lowered to any desired position of adjustment by means of ascrew 82 threaded into the lower end of the slide and having aknu-rledhead 84 to facilitate turning. A guideway for the slide 80 iscarried by ,y thehead 22.

in Figs. 1 and 2, as far asfis permitted by a crank To.

Axial movement of the screw 84 is prevented by a pair of lugs 88 securedupon the head 22 and engaging a groove formed in the head of vthescrew.Yv 1 `The treadle 52, by which the operator is enabled to shift theposition of the edge guide in the course of operation, isfconnected tothe slide 54 by a cable 90 protectedby a sheath 92. Depression of thetreadle 52 will move the edge guide against the compression of thespring 62, such movement being freely permitted since the rodjd risesout of contact with the abutment f8.; The extent to which the edge guidemay thus. beamoved v4is, adjustably determined by a screw. 94 threadedinto the block 56 and ven gageable with a pin 96 secured in a lug on theslide 54. For limiting the extent to which adj ustmentV may be made inthe opposite direction, a second screw 98 is provided. For someoperations, as will later be pointedout, the screw isturned to aninoperative position, and for other operations it is adjusted to limitthe outward movement of the edge guide to an extent lessithan. permittedby the abutment 18. l' The machine as so far described, except forthechanges above pointed out, may be substantially'iny accordanceI withthe disclosures of the several patents' above-mentioned.

'Ilafeed disk |4- of the machine illustrated hereinismounted to yield ina direction normal t.0- its` axisyrather than axially as in previousmachines. The disk (Figs. 4, 5- and 6) is car-V ried upon the lower endof a shaft |00 which rotates idly ina block |02, although, if desired,the shaft |00 may be driven by a belt or by any suitable typeofgearing.v Parallel to the shaft |050! is'.I a stationary shaft |04upon which the blck V| 02 is rotatably mounted. Secured uponthestationary shaft. 04 is a collar |06. from which extends alug i0,8.having its outer portion turned downwardly.V A rod ||0 fixed at onevendA to the downwardly turned portion of the lug |08 extends` in asubstantially horizontal direction through an opening in the block |02between the shafts |00 and |04.. The outer end portion ofthe rod ||0 isthreaded and carries a nutk Surrounding the r'od |I0 and interposed.

H2. between the nut i2 anda bearing surface formed on the block |02 is acoil compression spring ||4, which tendsV to rotate the block |02 in aVclockwisedi-rection, as viewed in Fig. 5, about the shaftl |04; Theeffect of the spring is therefore to urge the feed disk to the right, asviewed in, The. compression of the spring may beadjusted byturning thenut 'I I2. Rotation of the block |02 about the shaft |04 is limited byanluprightpin llsecured in theblock |02 and extending upwardly-into anarcuate slot formed in the stationary collar |06.` Theupperportion ofthe shaft |04 is clamped byscrews ||8 in a split block 20. VHeightwiseadjustment of the feed disk I4 relatively'to the feedroll I2 is effected`by moving the shaft |04 up or down in the block to thedesired'lposition before tightening the screws IIB. Adjustment of thestop position of the disk I4 under the influence of the spring I I4 islikewise effected by turning the shaft |04 in the block |20 beforetightening the screws ||8. Extending substantially horizontally from anupper portion of the block |20 is a supporting.` stem |22 which isslidably mounted in a bracket |24 carried by the bracket 60.- Ihe stem|22 is clamped in the bracke'tfin a desired position of adjustment toprovide suitable clearance between the feed disk I4 and the feed rollI2. Asecondvstem |26 extending from the block |20 parallel` to the stem|22 is slidable in the bracket |24 to prevent rotation ofthe block |20aboutA the stem |22.

It will be observed that the above-described arrangement for mountingthe feed disk enables the feed disk to yield in accordance with vary'-ing thicknesses of the Work. Such yielding, moreover, `takes place in aplane normal to the feed disk away from the feed roll and away from theaxis of the knife. 'Therefore however close the knife and the feed diskmay be adjusted to each other, there is no danger of the work-piece byreason of its thickness causing the feed disk to jam up against theknife. Such mounting of the feed disk thus permits the close adjustmentof the knife and the feed disk so desirable `in many types of work.

The feed roll I2 differs from the feed rolls disclosed in the patentsabove-mentioned by reason of the fact that it has a` knurled cylindricalwork-engaging surface |28 and ia smooth frusto-conical work-engagingsurface |30. The portion |30 converges from the diameter of the portion|28 to a smaller diameter. The feed disk I4 has a plane upper surfaceand a downwardly converging frusto-conical Work-engaging edge portion. lThe angle of the elements of the surface |30 to the axis of the feedroll is complementary to the angle of `the elements of the feed disk I4with the axis of the feed' disk; that is, the sum of the two angles is909. f-Ifva section be taken through the axes of thefeed'roll and thefeed disk, the adjacent elements of said members will be parallel.

In the operation of the machine', the feed roll I2 is driven in adirection to feed a work-piece W (Fig. 2) away from the operator. Theworkpiece is presented with its edge against theedge guide 48; itsmarginal portion is heldagainst the cylindrical portion |28 of the feedroll `l2 by theY presser 50. The feed disk I4, under the inuence of thespring ||4 urging it toward -the right, holds the work-piece in drivingVengagement with the conical portion |30. offthefeed roll. The feed rollwill be considered for the present to have been adjusted axiallyin .theblock I6 to bring the mid-point (indicated by X on Fig. 8) ofitsWork-engaging surfaceA aboutinto register with the center of thearcuate guldeway20. v.r VThe machine is shown in. Fig. 1 with thetreadles 44 and 52 both up.V The feed roll and feed disk assembly ismaintained in a position of angular adjustment `determined by the blockbearing against the nut 38 under the influence of the spring 46. The nut38 has been turned to Such a position as to cause the upper surface ofthe feed diskl I4 and the uppermost element of the cylindrical surface|28 to lie in a plane par` allelto the plane of the cutting edge of theknife I0.-l The knife, the planeof which is indicated by thereferencecharacter Kin Fig. 8, is ad'- justed to a height above the feed rollequal to' half the thickness of the workpiece. The edge guide 48 ismaintained'in a position of adjustment determined by the rod 14 inengagement with the abutment I8 under the influence of the spring 62.When thus adjusted, as shown in Figs. 1 and 8, the machine will cut ashoulder or fold scarf of the type shown in Fig. 9. `This scarf will berelatively narrow, its Width vdepending upon the adjustment of theabutment 18. Wider scarfs of this type may readily be obtained withoutchanging the adjustment of the abutment 18, merely by depressing thetreadle 52 to move the edge guide toward the right to a stop positiondetermined by the screw 94.

The work-engaging parts may be instantly changed from the positionsshown in Figs. 1 and 8 to positions Awhich will cause the machine toproduce a narrow seam 'scarf of the'type dis-` closed in Fig. 11. Thisis `accomplished merely by depressing the treadle 44 to rotate the feeddisk and feed roll assembly counterclockwise (as viewed in Fig. 1) to aposition determined by engagement of the block 35 with the nut 40. Asthe assembly thus rotates, the rod 'I4 rises relatively to theabutment-18, enabling `the crank arm 'l2 to rotate in a clockwisedirection (as viewed in Fig. 1) while the springy 62 pushes the edgeguide carrier to the left. The several parts of the machine will thus bebrought into the positions shown in Figs. 2 and l0, in which the planeof the cutting edge of the knife I0 is indicated by the referencecharacter K. A wider seam scarf may be obtained, without changing theadjustment of the abutment 18, by turning the `screw 98 (which hithertohas occupied an out-of-the-way position) to a position to cause it toengage the pin 96 before the feed disk and feed roll assembly reachesits limiting position. A still wider seam scarf may be obtained bydepressing the treadle 52 as well as the treadle 44. thereby moving theedge guide toward the right to a stop position determined by the screw94. To obtain a feather edge scarf, such as is shown in Fig. 13, bothtreadles are depressed, the screw 94 being adjusted far enough to theright to bring the edge guide into register with the right-hand edge ofthe cylindrical portion4 |20 of the feed roll, as shown in Fig. 12. Y

It is sometimes desirable to produce a more abrupt scarf than can beobtained by angular adjustment of the feed roll and feed disk assembly.Such an abrupt scarf (shown in Fig. l5) is necessary to prepare the edgefor searing, or heat turning,` as the operation is sometimes called. Toform a scarf of this character on the illustrated machine, the severalwork-engaging parts are adjusted to the positions shown in Figs. '7 and`14. The nut 38 is adjusted to the position shown` in Fig. `l to bringthe plane of theupper surface of the feeddisk I4 and the uppermostelement of the cylindrical surface |28 parallel to the plane K of thecutting edge of the knife, with the treadle 44 up. For convenience ofillustration the plane K is shown in Fig. 7 ashorizontal, but actuallyit is tilted as shown `in Fig. 14. y' The edge guide 48 is then adjustedto the left, by turning the screw 82, almost to the edge of the feedroll which separates the conical surface |30 from the cylindricalsurface f2.8; The knife IU is then adjusted downwardlyto bring the planeK of itsy cutting edge almost into engagement with the -upper surfacevof fthe feed disk lll and the uppermost element of the cylindricalsurface' |28. The angle of theresulting bevel, which should beaccurately maine tained in this type of work,r is thus determined by the4angle of the conicalsurface 13u and not by theamount of tilt of thefeed roll and feed diskassembly. 1

The labrupt scarf above-mentioned is. usually formed on work-piecesother portions of which require also a seam scarf or a feather scarf,and but rarely on work-pieces calling for a fold scarf. Ifo avoidunnecessary heightwise adjustment of the knife when passing from anabrupt scarf toa seam scarf or a feather scarf, or vice versa, the feedroll-may be `adjusted axially to bring its right-hand edgeinto registerwithv the center of the arcuate guideway 2li, ratherthan in the.position shown in Fig. 8which is .to the right of the center. The knifemay then remain in its downward position of adjustment, almost incontact with the feed disk and the feed roll. With the -machine thusadjusted, a seam scarf' or a yfeather scarf may be produced upon thevsame work-piece asan abrupt scarf merely by depress-. ing bothtreadles, the retracted position of the edge guide being determined bythe stop'screw 94. Having described my invention, what I claim as newand desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is: ,4 ,1. Askiving machine having, in combination, a knife, a feed,v roll, a feeddisk for holding work against said feed roll, a support for said feeddisk pivotally mounted for swinging movement about an axis parallel tothe axis ofthe feedr disk, and a spring for yieldingly urging the-feeddisk toward the feed roll to cause the feed disk to,grip the workagainst `the feed roll. i 2, A vskiving machine having, combination, aknife, a pair of rotary feed members arranged with their axessubstantially at right angles'to eachother, said feed members havingconical workfengaging surfaces, and a support for one of lvsaid feedmembers constructed and arranged to yield in a directionl normal to theaxis of that feed member.

3. A skiving machine having, in combination, a knife, a pair of rotaryfeed members arranged with their axes substantially at right angles toeach other, saidfeed members having workengagingsurfaces dened by conesthe vertex angles of which are supplemental, and a support for one of.said feed members constructed and arranged to yield in a directionnormal to 'the axis of that feed member, i

4. A skiving machine having, ,inv combination, a knife, a feed roll,having a cylindrical portion and a frusto-ccnical portion `convergingfrom said cylindrical portion, a feed disk having a truste-conicalwork-engaging surface, a support constructed and arranged tol enablesaid feed disk to move in a direction normal to the axis of the feeddisk, and a spring acting upon said diskto cause the 'disk to press thework in said direction Yagainst thefrusto-conical portion ofthefeedroll, v l i p 1, `5. f-Askiving machine. having, in combination, arotary disk knife, a feed roll having a vvworkvengaging surface part ofwhich is Acylindrical and part of which isconical, a feed disk having a.conical work-engaging surface, a spring for urging the iced disk;toward the feed, roll in a pat-hnormcl to .the axis.; of' the feed diskto cause thcwcrk to. loc'erippcd; between the two conical` Surfaaandapresser for holding the Work agillstthe cylindrical surface of the feedroll.

askivine. machine, a feed roll, a disk having a conical Work-engagingedge, a. block in'whih Said. diskiis journaled for rotation, a supportuponiwhich said block is mounted for swinging movementabout an axisparallel to the axis, of thev disk, a spring interposed'between saidsupport and said block for swinging the block to cause the diskr topress a work-piece against the feed roll, a stop on said support forlimiting the approach of the disk toward the feedroll undery theinfluence of said spring, `Said.Slipiolt being angularly adjustableabout the axis of swinging movement of the block to adjust the positionof said stop, and means for securing the support in angularly adjustedposition.

7. A skiving machine having, in combination, a rotary disk knife, `arotary feed roll located beneath the knife and having an outer end ofvreduced diameter, a rotary feed disk located below the plane ofthecutting edge of the knife and arranged to cooperate with the portionof reduced Vdiameter of the roll to grip the work and tor aid the rollin advancing the work to the knife, and a support for the feed diskyieldingly mounted for movement in a direction substantially normal tothe axis of rotation of the feed disk to accommodate variations inthickness of the Work.

vSi, A skiving machine having, in combination, a knife, a feed rollhaving a cylindrical portion and a frustofoonical portion convergingfrom said cylindrical portion, a feed disk having a frusto-conicalwork-engaging surface, a support constructed and arranged to enable saidfeed disk; to I novefV in a.. direction. normal to the axis ofthe feeddisk, a spring acting upon said disk to causethe disk t0 press the workin said directiQn against the frusto-conical portion of the feed roll,means for adjusting the feed roll and' feed disk angularly in unison, anedge gage, and means for adjusting the edge gage longitudinally of thefeed roll.

. 9. A skivingmachine having, in combination, a knife, a feed rollhaving a cylindrical portion and a frusto-conical portion convergingfrom said cylindrical portion, a feed disk having a frusto- @nica-lvWork-engaging surface, a support constructed and arranged to enablesaid feed disk to move in a direction normal to the axis of the feeddisk, a spring acting upon said disk to cause the disk to press the workin said direction against the frusto-conical portion of the feed lIQll,means. for adjusting the feed rollv and feed disk angularly in unison tocause the uppermost elementv of the cylindrical portion of the feed lQlltdfbc substantially parallel to the plane of thdknife, an, edge gage,and means for adjusting the gage-lengthwise of the feed roll into apesigtion in which the work-engaging face is adjacent to the junction ofthe cylindrical and conical surfaces of the feed roll, whereby an abruptscarf may be formed upon the edge of the work preparatory to subjectingit to a searing operation. l l PAUL H. DIXON.

